Understanding Fertility Problems: Treatments for Women

There are several ways to treat problems that affect a woman's fertility. Some treatments help sperm or eggs pass through the reproductive tract. Others help an embryo implant in the uterus. Your doctor will talk with you about your options.

Problems that may affect female fertility.

Treating the cervix

Problems with the cervix may stop sperm from entering the uterus. They include:

• A lack of cervical mucus. This can slow or block the passage of sperm. This can be treated with assisted reproductive techniques.

• An infection. This can be treated with antibiotics.

Treating the fallopian tubes

There may be a problem in the fallopian tubes. This can stop sperm from reaching an egg. The treatment depends on the cause. Causes include:

• A tubal blockage near the uterus. This can be treated by putting a thin tube (catheter) through the blocked tube. Or using assisted reproductive techniques.

• Adhesions (scar tissue). These can be removed with surgery. Or assisted reproductive techniques may be used.

Improving implantation

There are several reasons why a fertilized egg may not implant in the uterus. The treatment depends on the cause. Causes include:

• Problems with the endometrium. These can be treated with hormone therapy.

• Adhesions in the uterus. These are treated with surgery.

• Small growths called fibroids. These are removed with surgery.

• A uterine septum. This is tissue that divides the uterus into two parts inside. This is treated with surgery.

Treating endometriosis

The endometrium is the lining of the uterus. In some cases, this tissue can grow in other parts of the reproductive tract. It can lead to fertility problems. Laparoscopic surgery is done to remove the tissue.